Ring of fire....

Deception Island is a submerged volcano with a caldera of about 4 nautical miles in diameter. Ships can enter through a narrow passage of a couple of hunderd meters wide. In the passage is Raven Rock, a submerged rock needle - the wreck of the whaling ship "Southern hunter" hitting the rock in 1957 still lies on the southern side of the entrance and bears testimony of the danger. This recently did not prevent a cruise ship to hit it as well.....

The water in the crater is at times warm enough to swim... at least it is warm enough for this red seaweed. 1921, it is said that the water in the crater was so hot that the paint was burnt off the ships anchored in the caldera The rim of the crater apparently is composed of alternate layers of ice and ashes

It seems that a warm mud flow melted away part of this glacier before reaching the sea

The water of the falls in this picture disappear behind the ice and reappear further down in the rim
It appears that the volcanic bombs lying around on the rim are decaying rather fast....
The rotting rocks of Deception Island...